It is called climatic zone to an extension x of the terrestrial territory that presents a predominant climate which will be determined by its temperature, rainfall, winds, vegetation, relief, among other factors. There are four climatic zones in the world.
Region that presents a predominant climate determined by rains, winds, relief, among other factors
The intertropical convergence zone, also called equatorial zone, is located in the vicinity of Ecuador. Warm, humid air tends to rise as the sun's heat increases during the day. This increase in heat causes that as it rises it cools and clouds appear, which almost every day at dusk cause rains. The recurrent presence of precipitation and high temperatures make it a favorable area for the development of vegetation, especially jungle forests, which are its characteristic.
Classes of climatic zones
For its part, the tropical zone it is located either north or south of the previous zone. The trade winds that are generated when the great masses of air from the north or south appear that move to occupy the space left free by the ascending air of the equatorial zone. At height, the wind circulation is carried out in the opposite direction, while in those areas that are located between 20 ° and 40 ° of latitude, they stand out due to the predominance of high pressure, which proposes very little rainfall.
Another of the zones is temperate, which are those located north or south of the tropics.
Just to the north of where the trade winds arise, the same air mass that collapses from height giving rise to the aforementioned winds also generates that part of that same air travels to the northeast or southeast, in the case of the southern hemisphere, and therefore the western winds typical of this area are formed. Then these air masses collide with the air mass that comes from the other area below, the polar area, giving rise to the storm (clouds + precipitation).
And finally the polar zones, whose situation is generally anticyclonic because the cold masses descend from the heights moving towards the south, it rains very little, less than 250 mm. Annual, this being one of its fundamental characteristics, in addition to the extreme cold.
Warm climates are found especially in the entire area of Ecuador, being able to distinguish within this group the equatorial climate, whose temperature is around 25 ° all year round and the rains are frequent; in the rainy tropics the temperature is more or less the same as the previous one but there is less rainfall; the dry tropical, as its name tells us, is characterized by the absence of rain and the temperature can be lower, ranging between 15 and 25 degrees; and in the desert it hardly ever rains and the temperatures are certainly high, around 40 °.
Temperate climates are subdivided into Mediterranean climates (hot and dry summers, and in winter it is not very cold but it rains a lot), oceanic (temperatures are moderate both in winter and summer and rains prevail) and continental (rains they are not abundant and the seasons are well marked, in winter it is very cold and in summer it is hot).
And on the other hand, the cold climates are appreciated in the polar areas and in the high peaks. In the latter, only in the summer can the temperature increase somewhat, and the rain is always in the form of snow; and at the poles the temperatures can be 50 ° below zero.
Climate determines the development of a region
Climate turns out to be an extremely important issue for the development and growth of peoples.
A constant adverse climate will not generate at all the optimal conditions for the inhabitants to settle and develop as, for example, the extreme cold, the areas near the poles, are a clear example of this, both human life and development business or activity becomes extremely complex and difficult in such environments.
For example, human beings choose to settle and develop their lives more pleasant and friendly climatic zones, in which there is no extreme cold throughout the year or excessive heat and absence of water as can be the case of deserts. .
