The term realism applied to art in general expresses that what is communicated (a painting, a sculpture or a literary narrative) corresponds to the truth of something. Therefore, the concept of realism indicates that what is represented is a faithful approximation to reality.
Realism painting emerged as an opposite reaction to romantic painting
Although the idea of pictorial realism is applicable to different stages in the history of art, in the 1840s a movement that is known as realism emerged in France. Art historians consider that this current began to express their opposition to the ideals of the previous current, romantic painting. This implies that the artist is not inspired by daydreams or imaginary historical evocations but rather that his source of inspiration is reality as it is.
Significant works
In the "Burial of Ornans" by G. Coubert the scene of a burial is represented in the rural context and with this work the popular theme is introduced. In the work entitled "The stonemasons" the same artist captures the world of the workers, a circumstance that reminds us of the rise of the typical labor movements of the time and the ideals of socialism.
In "El Angelus" by J. F Millet a peasant couple is represented who for a few minutes decide to say a prayer and with this work the traditional values of the rural world are communicated, especially the dignity of peasant life. In "Las gleaners" the same artist represents three women who work in the fields and in her the warm atmosphere of summer is transmitted.
The works of Coubert or Millet describe everyday scenes, of humble people and situations of misery and exploitation. The images of their creations are a reflection of what they saw around them.
Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, two examples of Mexican realism
Some Mexican painters of the 20th century have been eminently realistic at some stage of their creative activity. Among them, we can highlight Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo. Diego Rivera's realism is highlighted in his murals with social themes ("Liberación del peón" and "Caña de Azúcar" are two representative examples).
Frida Kahlo considered herself a realist artist and this dimension is evident in works such as "Self-portrait with a velvet suit" or "Frida and Diego" (Diego's name refers precisely to Diego Rivera, who for years was the sentimental partner by Frida Kahlo).
Photos: Fotolia - chrisdorney / Teabrew
