Erosion is called erosion to that process of wear that the mother rock that forms the soil undergoes as a consequence of exogenous geological processes such as water currents or glacial ice, strong winds, changes in temperature and the action that we carry out on it. living beings.
Among the material that is most easily eroded are: the fragments of rocks created by mechanical abrasion as a result of the action of the wind, surface waters, glaciers and the soil, created by the chemical decomposition of rocks by the combination of weak acids dissolved in surface water, bacteria, organic acids, plants, among others.
Water is considered the most important factor in erosion, meanwhile, the vegetation on the ground is usually one of the main allies and protective layers against it, however, the absence of this, either for reasons of natural disaster or because the action of man plans the construction of some structures or the substitution of natural vegetation for crops that will obviously contribute to the infertility of the soil, of course, will increase the chances of erosion, that is, a road without drainage will cause the roads to begin to observe their raised asphalt. Also, although to a lesser extent than water, plate tectonics and volcanism do their thing to do their bit in favor of erosion.
Erosion can be natural and progressive on the one hand, that is, it will develop around something natural and will take several years to be produced and on the other, the most damaging, called accelerated because it will develop very quickly and its effects will be felt. in a very short period of time. Among these is in the first place the unscrupulous action of the human being that we mentioned above.
The most common types of erosion are: by water or fluvial, the one that occurs as a consequence of the displacement of water that will make the earth moisten first and then wash out; marine, by the constant action of waves, tides and currents; the glacier is very common in the mountains, but of course it will depend on where it is located. If it is a valley, when the glaciation passes, it leaves the ground very smooth and with a perfect U-shape; wind power is produced thanks to the wind that carries small particles that will later hit the rocks, multiplying into more particles; biotic, caused by chemical processes that support the rocks in which issues such as heat, cold and water intervene.
It occurs a lot in polar regions or in which there are sudden changes in climate and karst, it occurs when a significant amount of water enters the earth producing deep holes or gaps. This situation occurs a lot in underground rivers.
Among the main and best solutions that experts give to reduce the effects and prevent erosion are. do not burn the stubble, do not till and keep the rest of the crop on the surface of the soil.
