Sikhism is one of India's own religions. It emerged in the seventeenth century and is based on the belief in a superior being, making it a monotheistic religion. This religion is considered to represent the fusion or synthesis between Islamic Sufism that is opposed to the caste system and the Hindu tradition.
Spiritual leaders are known as gurus and the Holy Book of the Sikhs is known as the Guru Granth Sahib. Its temples are called Gurdwaras.
The holy book of Sikhism
Like most religions, Sikhism has its own holy book, called the Guru Granth Sahib. This text represents the highest authority for any of his followers, above any religious leader.
It is a collection of poems written mostly by the founder of Sikhism, Guru Nanak, who was sent by God to enlighten men. The mission he received from God was to solve the problems of the world and promote justice among human beings. The message of the sacred book of the Sikhs is addressed to all mankind.
Main beliefs, values and symbols
Sikhs believe in the existence of an omnipotent God. However, they do not believe in heaven and hell but rather advocate spiritual union with God as the path to salvation. This religion gives special relevance to certain human virtues and values, such as humility, charity and respect. Likewise, anger, lust, self-centeredness and gluttony are considered dishonest attitudes. They understand that all human beings are equal and for this reason they oppose the traditional caste system.
The Sikhs have an emblem that characterizes them, the Khanda, which is an orange flag with two curved disc-shaped swords along with a chakkar, which is a disc-like weapon that represents the unity of God.
In Sikhism religious rites such as pilgrimages or prayers are irrelevant.
The important thing for a Sikh is his spiritual connection with God
In this sense, a Sikh should live honestly, practice chastity, not smoke or use drugs, and not tell lies.
The faithful Sikhs have a reputation for being hospitable and kind people. In the West they are known for their long beards, the use of a turban on their heads and because they carry a small dagger or kirpan, which should never be used as a weapon of attack. Sikh women are not required to wear any type of veil or turban but they must dress modestly.
At present Sikhism has about 30 million followers in the world and most of them are concentrated in the state of Punjab in northwestern India.
Photos: Fotolia - Cornfield / Wong Sze Fei
