The term island is known as that portion of land, smaller than the size of a continent, which is completely and from all angles, surrounded by water..
Any surface of any island, taken at the same height of sea level, is characterized by observing a similar climate, unlike what happens with the continents, presenting the climatic situation, as we all know from our own experience or from having studied it, from In a rather irregular way in the various regions of the continents, for example, the climate of a continent in the South will be very different and opposed to the North.
Islands can be found in seas, lakes, rivers, and oceans, that is, in all those places where water rules by the way and with respect to its extension, although as we mentioned and as it happens in most cases, the islands can boast from a few square meters to more than two million kilometers squares such is the case of Greenland.
The origin of the islands can be found in various factors such as erosion and sedimentation, this being the case of those that are located in seas and oceans, for example, they evolve and increase their size as a consequence of the deposit of sediment and the accumulation of organic and volcanic material or after an erosive process, a portion of land separates from a continent giving rise and origin to islands. Likewise, the increase in sea level causes the birth of the islands, in this case, the lowland submerges, leaving the highest part of the islands separated.
Then we can find the following types of islands, the continental ones, which are those that are connected to the continent by the continental shelf, such as the case of Greenland that we mentioned before and then we have the volcanic ones that have their reason for being in the activity of volcanoes, coral, which are found in tropical or subtropical seas, sedimentary, which are formed at the mouth of rivers by the accumulation of sand, for example, and fluvial, which are formed from bars that they are found in the central channel of a river.
