Each individual has unique and unrepeatable fingerprints on their fingertips. The study that deals with everything related to the identification of the shapes and drawings of fingerprints is known as fingerprints. The purpose of this discipline is the identification of individuals.
The origin of fingerprint and fingerprint
The founder of this discipline was the Argentine police investigator Juan Vucetich, who at the beginning of the 20th century introduced his system to the Buenos Aires police force. His research led him to establish four basic types of finger maps or dactylograms, which were represented by numbers and letters (capital letters for the thumbs and numbers for the rest of the fingers).
Thus, in the case that the nucleus of a thumb has an arc shape in the bud, the letter A corresponds to it, with a whorl it is assigned a letter V, with an internal loop an I and with an external loop an E. The The rest of the fingers other than the thumb have a numerical identification according to the nucleus of the fingertip. This system is one of the most widely used internationally, but each country uses specific standards for fingerprint identification.
The Spanish fingerprint system is based on the Olóriz model, which is based on the delta of the thumb (adelto for the case that the finger does not have deltas, dextrodelto when the deltas are to the right, sinistrodelto when the deltas are to the right). left and bidelto when there are two or more deltas in the dactylogram).
Fingerprint as an identification technique
This area is based on three general principles:
1) The drawings formed by the papillary ridges of the fingertips have the characteristic of being perennial, that is, they are maintained throughout the life of the individual. Fingerprints never change and are therefore immutable.
2) There is an infinite variability of shapes and drawings and with an appropriate classification system it is possible to identify any individual.
3) The appearance of fingerprints has three types of printing:
A) patterned printing is one that is printed on plastic materials, fresh paint, grease or ointment,
B) visible impressions and
C) latent prints, which are difficult to perceive in direct light and are found on glass, mirrors, polished furniture or glasses.
It should be noted that fingerprints are not preserved on certain objects, such as unpolished woods, turned metals, highly manipulated objects or human skin.
Photos: Fotolia - Trifonenko Ivan - Kaprik
