It is known as disability the alteration in the functioning of a certain structure. This can lead to a quality of life condition of the sufferer by interfering with the execution of their daily activities.
Types of disability
There are several types of disability that depend on the limitation of the affected individual. These include:
Motorboat. It is about the limitation to carry out any type of movement or a specific movement. A common cause of this disability is the aftermath of strokes.
Sensory. This includes alterations in sensory and sensory organs. To this type correspond the lack of vision, blindness, the lack or loss of hearing and the inability to speak or understand the spoken word.
Intellectual. This type of disability is characterized by the impairment of the individual's learning capacity and therefore their independence. This includes various mental disorders such as mental retardation and loss of mental faculties that occur in disorders such as dementia.
Psychic Some mental illnesses can affect the behavior of the individual as well as their perception of reality, this makes them not fit into society. This includes disorders such as schizophrenia, psychosis, autism, and severe depression.
Causes of disability
Injuries that lead to the development of disability include:
Congenital diseases. These diseases are present from the moment of birth. This includes disorders such as congenital heart disease and various types of metabolic diseases that affect intellectual capacity.
Acquired diseases. Acquired diseases are those that develop after birth, the individual is not born with them. Avoid diseases can be of several types, the ones that most frequently cause disability are some infectious diseases and degenerative diseases. The latter include disorders such as diseases of the inter-vertebral discs, alterations of the articular cartilage that cause osteoarthritis, and complications of diseases such as diabetes.
Occupational diseases. Occupational diseases occur as a consequence of the performance of a work activity. These disorders are common when work is done without observing ergonomic standards, in an inappropriate environment, using implements or tools improperly, or when exposed to risky or unsafe work environments.
Trauma and Accidents. Injuries and accidents are a major cause of disability that occurs in young people. Most of the time it involves falls from a height, traffic accidents or injuries related to gunshot wounds. Many times these injuries are related to the use and abuse of substances such as illicit drugs and alcoholic beverages.
Social impact of disability
Disability carries an implicit limitation to carry out any type of work activity. In general, these limitations are partial, for example a person with a hand injury is limited to carry out activities that involve and this member such as working with the computer and operating tools or machinery, however he can carry out work activities that do not warrant execution of this type of movement.
The presence of a disability warrants a series of actions by the health team. Ongoing or even permanent treatment or therapy may be necessary, which obviously incurs a cost for both the patient and the state.
People who have some type of disability have the right to lead their lives on equal terms with healthy people. Avoid people must have equal access to health services, recreation, education, as well as work-related activities in accordance with their restrictions.
This issue is not synonymous with having a poor quality of life. Proper management and treatment can help the person have a good quality of life, overcome their limitations and can return to their different activities.
Unfortunately, years ago, perhaps due to lack of information, in some cases or in others incredibly because of shame, it was very common for those people who suffered from some type of disability to suffer, on the one hand, from discrimination from people normal for calling her in some way and on the other hand also from the very discrimination of her environment, who believed that her isolation was more convenient for fear that they would suffer. Of course, both issues contributed to an increase in this disability and to the growth of anxiety and depression in the affected person.
Meanwhile, and fortunately, in recent decades, many advances have been made in this regard, not only in the laws of the countries, including the rights of those with disabilities, but also in the social sphere, including them in many areas in which, Due to their problems, they were excluded, with sport being one of the ones that put the most emphasis on integrating them and giving them the same place as those who did not present any disability.
