The concept of jurisdiction comes to us from the Middle Ages, at which time Western society was organized into clearly defined and structured social classes around the activities they performed. Thus, the jurisdiction was a set of laws or legal codes that belonged to each particular estate and that governed the activity, as well as numerous aspects of daily life. The charter was also understood as a privilege that the king or feudal lord gave to his subjects so that they could organize themselves socially and economically. Today, the term is applied especially in the judicial and political spheres.
The jurisdiction always supposes a notion of regionality, not necessarily geographical but perhaps institutional or administrative. The jurisdiction is, as said, the set of laws that belong to a region and that identify it, thus differentiating it from others. This also applies to institutions, for example the military jurisdiction, the religious jurisdiction, etc. All these ideas imply that the jurisdiction is specific to each subject of study and that then its validity is concrete within the limits of that region or that institution.
In addition, at present the term jurisdiction is also widely used in the political sphere when it refers to the rights or privileges that some public officials have and that protect them, while they last in office, from possible political trials, accusations or judicial measures. . The institution of jurisdiction in the political sphere has the purpose of giving complete freedom and security to politicians so that they can carry out their work without being pressured by private interests. However, this figure often becomes a problem if the official in question acts illicitly or illegally and cannot be tried for his actions until he leaves his post.
