The term southern lets refer to that of the south or geographic noon.
The south or meridion, is the cardinal point, on a meridian that indicates the direction to the South Pole. It is, together with the North, West and East one of the four cardinal points and due to its position it is opposed to the North.
In the northern hemisphere it coincides with the position of the sun at noon, however, it opposes it in the southern hemisphere and will be the cardinal point that sets the position of the sun at noon.
Then, it will be called in this way, both the cardinal point and the direction, which by convention is represented in the lower area of maps, plans and charts; Thus, the meridian line on the horizon passes through two points, the north and the south, which corresponds to the south, is from the south and belongs to it, it will be called southern, mostly, although it can also appear as southern or southern.
The southern term comes from the Greek word meridies and indicates the astronomical origin and reference point used during the day when it is necessary to locate the south, since it coincides with noon and with the moment in which the sun is at its highest point on the horizon. It is very simple, if we had a day in full sun, to discover when the time of noon arrives, since the shadows of the objects or of ourselves, perpendicular, will point on the North-South axis, allowing us to see ourselves or see them whole in the mentioned shadows.
Historically, the location of the south has been very important at the behest of navigation and orientation, because it is what allows us to determine precisely the time of noon. However, the advent of technologies such as GPS, have left some homemade or simple methods such as those mentioned, unused or obsolete, to be able to locate the noon.
