The word gamete is a very present term and mentioned within the scope of the biology and especially within the context of human, plant or animal reproduction, since it designates the male or female cell, sperm or egg, respectively, responsible and specialized in reproduction.
It should be noted that gametes are haploid sex cells, because they contain a single set of chromosomes, or failing that, half the normal number of chromosomes in diploid cells (two series of chromosomes), which are generated by meiosis from diploid cells.
If it is a woman, the gamete is called an ovum, on the other hand, if it is a man, we speak of sperm. When both male and female gametes fuse, they generate a cell known as zygote or fertilized egg which will contain two sets of chromosomes (diploid cell).
Gamete conformation through meiosis is formally designated as gametogenesis. In this process, the number of chromosomes in germ cells will be reduced from diploid to haploid, that is, from double to single and to half the number of chromosomes that a normal cell of the species in question presents.
Meanwhile, they are specific organs, gonads in animals and gametangia in vegetables , those specialized when it comes to producing gametes.
At the behest of animals, gametes result from the germ line, a very specific cell root that will differentiate in the early stages of development.
In fungi or protists it happens that the gametes are identical in shape and appearance, but in evolution they can be distinguished because the male is smaller and mobile compared to the female, which is larger and immobile.
