The Meteorology is the discipline that deals with study of atmospheric phenomena, the properties of the atmosphere and especially the relationship with the weather and the surface of the land and seas.
Discipline that studies atmospheric phenomena
It should be noted that meteorology is a part or branch of the Physics of the Atmosphere and this comes into account because precisely the earth is composed of three parts: the lithosphere (solid part), which is covered by a good proportion of water or hydrosphere , and both, lithosphere and hydrosphere, are enveloped by a third gaseous layer or atmosphere.
The aforementioned parts are continuously interacting with each other, which generates substantial modifications in their characteristics; meanwhile, the science that studies the aforementioned characteristics, properties and movements of the layers is the Geophysics, which is why it turns out that meteorology is a branch of geophysics.
The first distinction that must be made based on the study is to distinguish between current conditions and their evolution (atmospheric weather) and between average conditions over a long period, known as the climate of the place.
It will be through the observation of the phenomena that occur in the atmosphere, that meteorology will try to define and predict the climate and understand the interaction of the atmosphere with other subsystems. Interpreting and knowing the variations of the climate is of utmost importance when developing agriculture, military operations, navigation and the life in general of a community.
Since the earliest times, there has been awareness of the changes that take place in the climate after a year, for example, the Babylonians predicted the weather from the aspect that the sky presented.
The importance of the development of measurement instruments and technology to appreciate these phenomena
In any case, great progress in this regard has occurred thanks to the development of different precision instruments, thermometer, barometer, anemometer, among others,, which added to the observation allowed to advance in the knowledge in this aspect.
In the atmosphere everything is measurable, rain or precipitation, for example, has been one of the phenomena that have been measured for a long time and of which there are important measures that warn the human being of the times of the year that are conducive to developing this or that activity, or to avoid others.
At present, the importance of the climate is such that meteorology is an important part of the content in any information medium, graphic, radio, visual, computer, plain and simple, because it is a reality that many activities that we carry out human beings, work and recreation, usually depend or will be influenced by the state of the climate. If the weather report tells us that it will rain on Saturday, we will probably abort the picnic plan and opt to go to the movies to see a premiere.
The development of technology has favorably impacted many aspects of daily life and science and more, and of course meteorology also enjoys the technological advances that have been in its field, especially regarding the development of measurement instruments. and observation of climatic phenomena.
Satellites are undoubtedly one of the most outstanding developments in this regard. They are artificial-type satellites that are used to monitor the weather and climate on the planet, but they also know how to detect other phenomena that affect the subject, such as sighting fires, areas where pollution persists, sandstorms, etc. ocean currents, changes in vegetation, the state of the sea, snowy areas and the coloration of the ocean, among others.
The meteorological satellites available to various nations such as the United States, China or Japan, offer constant information on the state of the atmosphere, with very fine detail of everything that happens in it and are very sagacious and precise when it comes to anticipating the circulation of winds. or patones of clouds.
Also of great importance with regard to measurement, observation and recording are the so-called meteorological stations, which are precisely facilities that aim to record the various meteorological events on a daily basis.
The data obtained will be used to make predictions.
Meanwhile, to carry out their work they have special equipment of various instruments, some already mentioned such as the anemometer (measures wind speed), the weather vane (indicates the direction of the wind), the barometer (measures atmospheric pressure), the heliograph (measures the degree of sun that the earth receives), hygrometers (measures humidity), thermometer (measures temperature) and rain gauge (measures rainfall).
