Shares are the different parts into which the capital of a public limited company is divided.. Thus, anyone who owns shares in a company can be considered one of its owners. They grant political and economic rights to their holder, and can be sold and bought in the market.
The different types of actions are: common actions; limited voting shares, which only allow voting on certain issues of the company's administration; convertible shares, which have the possibility of converting into bonds; preferred shares, which give the holder priority to collect benefits; paid shares released, which are exempted from being paid by the shareholder as it is a remuneration for benefits that he should have received; industry actions, that require a job or service from the shareholder; shares with par value, which indicate their amount numerically; and finally, shares of no par value, which do not express their amount, but only the portion of the capital they represent.
Usually, shares give their holder the possibility of casting votes at the shareholders' meeting, which among other occupations, is in charge of appointing the board of directors. In this way, the greater the number of shares, the greater the influence on society, being able to cast a greater number of votes. The one with the majority of shares is the one that conditions the paths to be taken by society. However, there are exceptions to this rule, for example, when shares are issued that only confer economic rights, when there are decisions that can only be made by people with a certain type of training, or when the number of votes per person is limited.
The management of the values of the shares depends enormously on the existing information in the market about the company that issues them. That is why it is important to make the situation of each one of them transparent in order to avoid fraudulent maneuvers.
