Perhaps less well known than phonetics, phonology is another branch of linguistic science that is responsible for analyzing and studying sounds from a level of syntax and the structure that they form in language, as well as from how through it they are build the meaning. Here, then, the main difference that phonology has with phonetics is clear since the latter is dedicated to studying sounds from a physiological point of view, that is, how they are generated by the different parts of the body and how to form them appropriately.
Phonology is just as important as phonetics and perhaps even more since it is responsible for giving the sounds we pronounce to communicate a structure, a meaning. Phonology deals in the first place with analyzing or trying to understand the different structures and sound systems that make up language, for example through rhyme, accents, etc. But on the other hand, it analyzes how those sounds are specially generated to achieve a specific meaning that differs from the rest of the sounds used in language.
It is really important to observe how the same letters or characters that are used over and over again to form different words can have a different sound for each of those words and different from the rest. Thus, some letters may be longer in some words but shorter in others, while other letters may have greater sound power in certain words or sound expressions.
A central part of the study of phonology are the phonemes that are normally represented in most languages by the letters of the alphabet (although in languages like Chinese or Japanese this is not the case). These phonemes are not the drawing or the character with which each of these sounds is represented, but rather the phoneme is an abstract construction of what that particular sound represents in each word and that allows us, for example, to differentiate the word lfall of voto.
