The zoo is a space created artificially by man to keep and display exotic or non-domestic animals that are not common for the urban habitat. The zoo is not, however, only an exhibition place but it is also a space for the preservation and reproduction of these animals since experts and scientists from all areas work to recreate the natural environments and allow these animals to live in the best life conditions. This is especially important for those animals that are on the way to extinction and that require human help to increase their population.
The zoo was born as a construction of the human being in the eighteenth century with the aim of creating an artificial space that reproduces nature and shows specimens of exotic animals for the enjoyment of visitors. Needless to say, these first establishments were visited and toured by wealthy individuals and the nobility, who built them as proof of their power and luxury. Thus, the zoo was not only a private space with animals but it used to have large parks, fountains and forests where the animals lived freely.
Today the zoo has evolved into a public space that anyone who pays the minimum fee can access. In general, zoos are usually large areas so that many species and types of animals can be housed, reproducing their natural spaces and keeping them duly protected from each other. Some of the most complex even have spaces directly integrated with nature that allow animals to make a progressive reunion with wildlife.
Despite the fact that today a large part of the world's zoos contribute to the preservation and reproduction of species kept in captivity, there are many who question their usefulness and effectiveness. Normally, ecologists or people related to the care of the environment maintain that zoos are completely artificial spaces in which animals are imprisoned and locked up for the mere purpose of entertaining visitors. Stress, suffering and unaccustomed to the patterns of wildlife are some of the complications that these animals suffer in such a captive situation.
