Logic is a formal science, that is, like any of the formal sciences it creates its own object of study and reasoning and the creation of ideas by the mind are its methodology of work and knowledge, but also, logic, It is one of the most important and popular branches within Philosophy, its object of study being the principles of demonstration and valid inference, which are the methods that will ultimately allow us to distinguish correct from incorrect reasoning..
The origin of logic dates back to the golden age of classical Greece and the Greek philosopher Aristotle is considered as the creator and father of it, since he was the first to use the notion and give it the entity that it keeps to this day, of studying the arguments as manifestations of the truth in science.
This logic that we described above and of which Aristotle stands as its founder is also known as formal logicmeanwhile, there is also a informal logic which will focus its attention on the methodical study of those probable arguments from philosophy, rhetoric and oratory, among other sciences that deal with these.
Basically, informal logic spends all its efforts in identifying fallacies and paradoxes and in the correct structuring of discourses.
But in formal and informal logic the question is not exhausted since we also find other types of logics that propose absolutely different methodologies such as the natural logic which is the one proposed by natural thought, as it runs, without resorting to formal science as a support base.
Then the fuzzy logic or also called fuzzy that it takes certain licenses with respect to the others and admits a certain ambiguity between the truth or falsity of its propositions, in close agreement and relationship with human reason.
In another order we can find the Mathematical logic that is handled using an artificial and symbolic language and making an abstraction of the contents. And finally the binary logic which works with variables that admit only two discrete values.
