The concept that concerns us in this review is associated with the discipline known as climate.
Climate is the set of meteorological phenomena such as temperature, rainfall, winds, humidity and atmospheric pressure, which distinguish and characterize the average state of the atmosphere in a given area of our planet and which must be supported by assessments of these that were made through a long time. That is, the observation of them must be long to be able to draw conclusions and specific and typical trends of the place in question.
What is the weather?
Obviously, various tools and resources are used to carry out these measurements.
We must say on the subject of climate, because there are usually confusion, that it is not the same climate as meteorological weather, because in the latter case the measurements are made in a specific place and at a given time, not over time. .
The climogram, an essential resource to know details of the climate since it graphically represents the rainfall and temperatures of a place in a period of time
So, to be able to know for sure the climate of a certain place we must take an average of the four seasons that make it up (spring, summer, autumn and winter), while to know the time we only have to limit ourselves to observing the conditions weather conditions of a day or that moment.
Returning to the question of the resources and tools so fundamental to know precise details of the climate in a given area, we cannot ignore the climate chart ...
The climagram it's a type of graph in which the precipitation and temperatures of a place are represented in a certain period of time, generally one year, although there are shorter estimates, for example, monthly.
Also know as climate diagram, ombrogram and ombrothermal diagram, the climogram is a graph that presents double entry and in which the values of precipitation, temperatures and climate of a certain meteorological station will be presented in summary.
Regarding each month of the year, the total precipitation that has fallen in the month and the monthly average temperature will be indicated, while both variables, temperature and amount of precipitation, will be measured over a large number of observed years, about forty years if so. You want to establish significant data, fewer years, about four or five, if you are looking for short-term data, or it can be done for a single year.
How is it done?
To create a climate chart we must graph three axes, one horizontal and the other two vertical, which will make up a kind of box, to put it in simpler terms. For example, on the vertical axis on the left the precipitation values are placed, on the vertical axis on the right the temperatures, and on the horizontal axis the months of the year are indicated.
To be more precise in construction, we must draw the horizontal axis and divide it into 12 equal parts that each represent 12 months of the year; they can be one cm. Approximately and you can place the initial of the month to identify them correctly.
Then, on the left vertical axis, the precipitation scale will be placed, and on the opposite, that is, on the right, the scale corresponding to temperatures and that will be based on the data that we have.
Once we have the basic scheme represented graphically, the precipitation will be represented with bars while the temperatures will be represented with points. Finally we will have to join the points of the temperatures with some red lines so that we get a curve corresponding to temperatures as a result.
A requirement, if you want to know data about the existence or not of a dry season in a given place, is that the precipitation scales double that of the corresponding temperatures. The evidence that the climograph provides in this regard is even more significant; if it occurs in summer, it is typical of the Mediterranean climate, if it appears in winter, it is typical of the tropical savanna climate, and if it occurs in autumn, it is an arid climate.
