The Cement is a material that results from the combination of ground clay with powdery calcareous materials, meanwhile, once come into contact with water solidifies and becomes hard. It is mostly employed at the behest of the construction, precisely because of its solidity, such as adherent and binder.
There are two types of cements, depending on the origin that it presents: of clay origin, made from clay and limestone; and on the other hand the pozzolanic, which contains pozzolana, a siliceous aluminum material used in the Ancient Rome to produce the cement until the appearance of portland cement in the 19th century. The aforementioned pozzolana can come from volcanoes or have an organic origin.
Because of what is exposed to cement, it is considered a binder material since it is capable of joining parts of various materials and giving them cohesion from various chemical modifications in the mass.
It should be noted that when it is mixed with water, sand and gravel, the concrete or concrete, a malleable and uniform type mixture that also has a widespread use in engineering and construction.
Among its most notable properties are: resistance to chemical invasion and resistance to elevated temperatures among the most important.
Since ancient times, special mixtures were needed for constructions. In the Ancient Greece The use of volcanic tuffs was frequent to obtain cement, that is, it was obtained only in a natural way, while, in the XIX century, more precisely in the year 1824, was a revolution when the British Joseph Aspdin patented portland cement, which was named for its dark green coloration, similar to Portland stone.
Portland cement is a hydraulic cement that, once mixed with water, steel fibers and aggregates, becomes a mass of stony, solid characteristics that stands out for its very long duration. It is the star of the constructions to prepare the concrete.
