Computer security consists of those practices that are carried out with respect to a certain computer system in order to protect and safeguard its operation and the information contained therein.
Computer security is said to both the investigation and the execution of data protection policies on computers by an individual or team of computer experts.
The practices of this type of security are diverse, and often consist of restricting access to the system or parts of the system. These initiatives seek to preserve the integrity of the information, as well as its confidentiality, availability and irrefutability.
In general, when talking about security in a computer system, reference is made to assets (system resources necessary for it to work), threat (event, individual or entity that presents a risk to the system), impact (measurement of the consequences of the materialization of a risk or threat), vulnerability (possibility that a threat takes place), attack, disaster or contingency.
What are the threats to a computer system? Users, since their premeditated or unintended actions often trigger episodes of vulnerability to the system. For example, when downloading dangerous files or deleting files important to the system. At the same time, malicious programs such as viruses or malware. Also, intruders such as hackers who enter the system without authorization for harmful purposes. Even, it is also considered a threat to accidents such as fires or floods that have a devastating effect on a computer.
Computer security calls on endless resources to mitigate the effects of threats and risks. Among them, the creation of a 'back-up' or reserve files as a copy of those contained in a system, the installation of anti-virus programs or firewalls, the supervision and regulation of the use of a computer, the encryption of private data so that only authorized personnel can access them.
