It is called as Hydrology To that discipline that deals especially with studying the spatial-temporal distribution and the properties of groundwater and continental. Within this vast and broad object of water study, the rainfall, soil moisture, runoff, which is that sheet of water that passes through a drainage basin, glacial masses and escape transpiration, which consists of the loss of humidity suffered by a surface and is associated with the transpiration of the vegetation.
It should be noted that Hydrology is a branch within what is known as Earth Sciences or Geosciences, which are natural sciences that are precisely concerned with studying issues such as the structure, dynamics, morphology and evolution of the earth.
Today, hydrology has assumed a substantial role in regard to to the planning of the use of hydraulic resources and, for example, their presence is essential when engineering works that are linked to water supply are planned.
So, for the design of hydraulic works, the use of mathematical models that will be in charge of representing the behavior of a basin, for example, is recurrent.
On the other hand, having a satisfactory knowledge of the hydrological behavior of a river, stream, or lake in a certain area, will be very important when it comes to preventing serious consequences after a heavy rainstorm, that is, knowing This will make it possible to identify the areas most vulnerable to scenarios such as the one indicated and thus be prepared for contingencies. Undoubtedly, floods are climatic events that can be prevented from the study of this discipline.
Also, hydrology, contributes its grain of sand when planning a correct design regarding the road infrastructure of a city, its roads, highways, railroad tracks.
The professional who works in this area is known as hydrologist.
